Internet Resources: The Romantic Poets' Gothic Reading ; Romantic Circles

GAMER, Michael. "Gothic fictions and Romantic writing in Britain" In The Cambridge Companion to Gothic Fiction, Ed. Jerrold E. Hogle. Cambridge. UK: Cambridge University Press, 2002: 85-104. Investigates the relationship between the writings of Scott, Southey, Byron, Coleridge, Wordsworth, Mary Robinson, and other Romantics and the popular Gothic tradition upon which they so often drew for themes, ideas, and even language. Reaches the general conclusion that “If a discernible pattern of Gothic appropriation emerges in Romantic writing, it lies in the ability of authors like Scott and Wordsworth to find the former means of neutralizing the Gothic’s negative critical reputation . . . while at the same time legitimizing its conventions by self-consciously putting them to acceptably intellectual and ideological uses.”

GREGORY, Horace. "On the Gothic Imagination and the Survival of Beddoes" In The Shield of Achilles: Essays on Beliefs in Poetry. 2091

BINDMAN, David. "Blake's ' Gothicized Imagination ' and the History of England" In William Blake: Essays in Honour of Sir Geoffrey Keynes. 2070

BOGAN, James. "Vampire Bats & Blake's Spectre." 2071

DUTT, Sukumar. The Supernatural in English Romantic Poetry. Being a Critical Survey of Supernaturalism: Its Growth and Phases of Development in English Poetry During 1780-1830. 2000

EASSON, Roger. "Blake and the Gothic" In Blake in His Time. 2081

HOWARD, Seymour. "Blake: Classicism, Gothicism, and Nationalism." Colby Library Quarterly 21:4 (1985): 165-187. Studies the interplay of Gothicism and nationalism in his illustrations.

MONTALBO, Dominick. "Golden Compasses and Gothic Terror: The Method and Madness Behind Urizen's Creation." Master's Thesis, Queens College, NY, 2001.

PUNTER, David. "Ossian, Blake, and the Questionable Source" In Exhibited by Candlelight: Sources and Developments in the Gothic Tradition, Eds. Valeria Tinkler Villani, Peter Davidson, Jane Stevenson. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1995: 25-41. Takes up the problem of the "'ideology of metre'" and distinguishes between "heroic Gothic" and "chivalric Gothic." "What Blake really wanted to find in the Gothic as he understood it was an antiquity in which the whole issue of 'source' could be relativized."

RANDONIS, Jennifer L. "The Gothic Dimensions of the Blakean Universe," M.A. Thesis, Ariizona State University, 1996.

RICHEY, William. Blake's Altering Aesthetic. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1996.

ROSE, Edward J. "The ' Gothicized Imagination ' of Michelangelo Blake" In Blake in His Time. 2113

SPACKS, Patricia A. "Horror-Personification in Late Eighteenth Century Poetry." 2014

WILLIAMS, Carolyn D. " ' In Albion's Ancient Days ': George Richards and the Dilemmas of Patriot Gothic" In Early Romantics: Perspectives in British Poetry from Pope to Wordsworth, ed. Thomas Woodman. Houndmills, UK & New York: Macmillan & St. Martin's, 1998: 256-272. 

DÉDÉYAN, Charles. "Le Thème de Faust: Byron, Mrs. Shelley, C. R. Maturin." 2078

EHRSTINE, John W. "Byron and the Metaphysic of Self-Destruction" In The Gothic Imagination: Essays in Dark Romanticism. 2082

FAIRCHILD, Hoxie N. "Byron and Monk Lewis." 2084

FRANKE, Wolfgang. "Don Juan and the Black Friar: A Byronic Variant of the Ghost Story" In The Constance Byron Symposium. 2086

GARBER, Frederick. "Byron's Giaour and the Mark of Cain." 2087

GILPATRICK, Mary Ellen Park. "Gothic Elements in English Romantic Poetry." 2090

HOLLAND, Tom. The Vampyre: The Secret History of Byron. London: Little Brown, 1995.

HOWARD, Ida B. H. "The Byronic Hero and the Renaissance Hero-Villain: Analogues and Prototypes." 1359

HUME, Robert D. "Exuberant Gloom, Existential Agony, and Heroic Despair: Three Varieties of Negative Romanticism" In The Gothic Imagination: Essays in Dark Romanticism. 2095

KETCHIN, Samuel Cathcart. "Byron's Use of Gothicism." 2098

LA CHANCE, Charles. "Naive and Knowledgeable Nihilism in Byron's Gothic Verse." Papers on Literature and Language 32:4 (1996): 339-368. The proto-nihilism of Lord Byron's gothic verse displays a naiveté by undermining such idealistic ideologies as conventional Christianity, chivalrous heroics, chivalrous romance, explicit Platonism, and most forms of sentimentalism. What distinguishes Byron's naive nihilism is the degree to which it rebels against sentimentalism but obeys naturalism.Don Huan is "is gothically lewd--envisions the world as a lethally sexy hellhole in the form of a female lover. Such a lover is the irresistible pit Juan tumbles into en route to nihilism."

MACOVSKI, Michael. "Revisiting Gothic Primogeniture: The Kinship Metaphor in the Age of Byron." Gothic Studies 3:1 (2001): 32-44. Identifies parallels between inheritance and textuality that are "most pronounced in Romantic revisions of Gothic primogeniture." Romantic texts offered to exemplify these parallels include Byron's Don Juan and Cain.

MC GINLEY, Kathryn. "Development of the Byronic Vampire: Byron, Stoker, Rice" In The Gothic World of Anne Rice, Eds. Gary Hoppenstand & Ray B. Browne. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1996: 71-90.

NOJIMA, Hidekatsu. "Eikoku roman ha to goshikku shosetsu hiraita to tojita shizen" In Shiro to memai: Goshikku o yumu. 0136

POLLIN, Burton D. "Byron, Poe, and Miss Matilda." 2108

SCHEPER, Astrid J. "Glorious Gothic Scenes." 1365

TETREAULT, Ronald. "Shelley and Byron Encounter the Sublime: Switzerland, 1816." 2117

THORSLEV, Peter Jr. The Byronic Hero: Types and Prototypes. 2119

TWITCHELL, James. "The Supernatural Structure of Byron's Manfred." 2123

WEBER, Ingeborg. "Gothic Villain and Byronic Hero" In English Romanticism: The Paderborn Symposium. 1367

WHITTON, Charlotte. "Lord Byron on Vampires." 2357

BRINKS, Ellen. "Dispossessing Figures: Masculinity in Gothic Romanticism." Dissertation Abstracts International 58:1 (1997): 155A (Princeton University)."Traces constructions of masculinity and the disruptive effects of erotic desire in literary, philosophical and scientific narratives by Coleridge, Hegel, Keats, Byron and Freud. Its focus is a paradigmatic motif in English and German Romantic gothic narratives. In an internalized gothic tale, presented as a dream, a vision, or a fantastic scenario, a male subject faces a supernatural force, such as a vampire, a phantasm, a foreign body, or one of the undead."

BRISMAN, Leslie. "Coleridge and Supernaturalism." 2072

CHATHA, Diljit Kaur. "The Supernatural as a Rhetorical Focus in the Three Major Poems of Samuel Taylor Coleridge." 1356

COBURN, Kathleen. "Coleridge and Wordsworth on ' the Supernatural.' " 22076

COOPER, Andrew M. "Who's Afraid of the Mastiff Bitch? Gothic Parody and Original Sin in Christabel" In Critical Essays on Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Ed. Leonard Orr. New York: G.K. Hall, 1994: 81-107.

DINGLEY, R. J. "Coleridge and the ' Frightful Fiend.' " 2079

DOUGHTY, Oswald. "Coleridge and the ' Gothic Novel ' or ' Tales of Terror.' " 2080

DRAMIN, Edward. " ' Amid the Jagged Shadows:' Christabel and the Gothic Tradition." 1357

GAMER, Michael. "Popular Stigmas and Appropriate Authors: High Romanticism's Hidden Gothic." 1358

HAYTER, Alethea. "Coleridge, Maturin's Bertram, and Drury Lane." 2093

HOGLE, Jerrold E. "The Gothic Ghost and its Haunting of Romanticism: The Case of ' Frost at Midnight,' " European Romantic Review 9:2 (1998): 283-292.

HOWELLS, Coral Ann. "Biographia Literaria and Nightmare Abbey." Notes & Queries 214 (February, 1969): 50-51. The character Flosky "echoes Coleridge's attacks on Gothic melodrama."

MERTON, Orren. "Coleridge and Poe: Gothic Dread through Narration," M.A. Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 1995.

MORTENSEN, Peter. “The robbers and the police: British romantic drama and the Gothic treacheries of Coleridge’s Remorse” In European Gothic: A Spirited Exchange 1760-1960, Ed. Avril Horner. Manchester & New York: Manchester University Press, 2002: 128-146.

MUDGE, Bradford. " ' Excited by Trick:' Coleridge and the Gothic Imagination." 1361

O'CONNOR, Robert H. " ' The Rime of the Ancient Mariner ' and Tales of the Devil: A Note." 1363

PAPPAGEORGE, Julia di Stefano. "Coleridge's ' Mad Lutanist:' A Romantic Response to Ann Radcliffe." 2102

PATTERSON, Charles I. "The Authenticity of Coleridge's Reviews of Gothic Romances." 2104

ROBERTS, Adam. "Coleridge's Ancient Mariner and Mrs. Radcliffe's Mariner," Notes and Queries, 42:2 (1995): 177-78.

ROPER, Derek. "Coleridge, Dyer, and The Mysteries of Udolpho." 2112

TUTTLE, Donald R. "Christabel Sources in Percy's Reliques and the Gothic Romances." 2121

TWITCHELL, James. "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner as Vampire Poem." 2123A

LEVER, K. M. "De Quincey as Gothic Hero: A Perspective on Confessions of an English Opium Eater and Suspiria de Profundis." 2099

LINDOP, Grevel, Ed.The Works of Thomas De Quincey, 15 vols. London: Pickering & Chatto, 1998. Vol. 7 has the full text of Klosterheim. Vol. 8 has Gothic tales for Tait's and Blackwood's, 1834-1838.

SNYDER, Robert Lance. "Klosterheim: De Quincey's Gothic Masque." 2116

WEEKS, John. "Introduction" to Klosterheim; or, The Masque, Intro. John Weeks. Santa Barbara, CA: Woodbridge Press, 1982: v-x. Refers to the novel as "a neglected curiosity of Gothic Fiction and Romantic Literature" that also contains "the primary pattern in De Quincey's art and thought, the pattern of descent into darkness followed by ascent into light, mystery followed by resolution, dread followed by rapture."

BRINKS, Ellen. "The Male Romantic Poet as Gothic Subject: Keat's Hyperion and The Fall of Hyperion: A Dream." Nineteenth-Century Literature 54:4 (2000): 427-[Data

CLAPP, Edwin R. "La Belle Dame as Vampire." 2075

JARRETT, David. "The Source for Keats's ' Magic Casements.' " 2097

LAU, Beth. "Madeline at Northanger Abbey: Keats's Anti-Romances and Gothic Satire." 1360

O'CONNOR, Robert H. "Keats' ' The Eve of St. Agnes ' and Ballad Gothicism." 1362

PETERFREUND, Stuart. "Keats's Debt to Maturin." 2106

PRICE, James L. "The Turn Towards the Supernatural in Keats, Goethe, and Nerval." 2110

PRICKETT, Stephen. "Romantic Literature" In The Romantics. 2111

SHACKFORD, Martha Hale. "The Eve of St. Agnes and The Mysteries of Udolpho." 2114

TWITCHELL, James. "La Belle Dame as Vampire." 2122

BUCHAN, Irving H. "Wordsworth's Gothic Ballads." 2073

ELKINS, Aubrey C. Jr. "Wordsworth and Gothicism." 2083

GAMER, Michael. "Confounding Present with Past: Romanticism, Lyrical Ballads, and Gothic Romance." Poetica: Zeitschrift für Sprach und Literaturwissenschaft 39-40 (1993): 111-138, 49-88.

LONGUEIL, A. E. "Gothic Romance, Its Influence on the Romantic Poets Wordsworth, Keats, Coleridge, Byron, and Shelley." 2100

PEIFFER, Barbara. "Godwinian Influences in Wordsworth's The Borderers: Reconciling Head and Heart." 1364

RUSSETT, Margaret. "Wordsworth's Gothic Interpreter: De Quincey Personifies ' We Are Seven,' " Studies in Romanticism 30:3 (1991): 345-365.

SISKIN, Clifford. "Wordsworth's Gothic Endeavor: From Esthwaite to the Great Decade." 2115

SWANN, Karen. "Public Transport: Adventuring on Wordsworth's Salisbury Plain." 1366

________. "Suffering and Sensation in The Ruined Cottage." Publications of the Modern Language Association 106 (1991): 83-95.

TROTT, Nicola. "Wordsworth's Gothic Quandary." Charles Lamb Bulletin 1 April 2000: 45-[data

UNSIGNED. " ' Strange Fits of Passion:' Wordsworth and Mrs. Radcliffe." Notes & Queries 45:2 (1998): 188-[data]